044
(Surah 044)
الدُّخَان
Surah Ad-Dukhan
The Smoke · Fifty-Nine Verses
Compiled for Mike Rashid King
Ta'awwudh · Seeking Refuge
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
A'udhu billahi min ash-shaytani ar-rajim. I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed.
The Name · Bismillah
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Bismillahi ar-Rahmani ar-Rahim. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
✦
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
The Surah · Ad-Dukhan
﴾١﴿ حمٓ
Ha Meem
Ha Meem.
﴾٢﴿ وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ
Wal-kitabi al-mubin
By the clear Book.
﴾٣﴿ إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍۢ مُّبَٰرَكَةٍ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ
Inna anzalnahu fi laylatin mubarakah, inna kunna mundhirin
We sent it down on a blessed night. We have always been warning.
﴾٤﴿ فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ
Fiha yufraqu kullu amrin hakim
In it every wise matter is distinguished.
﴾٥﴿ أَمْرًۭا مِّنْ عِندِنَآ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ
Amran min 'indina, inna kunna mursilin
A command from Us. We have always been sending.
﴾٦﴿ رَحْمَةًۭ مِّن رَّبِّكَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ
Rahmatan min Rabbik, innahu huwa as-Sami'u al-'Alim
A mercy from your Lord. He is the Hearing, the Knowing.
﴾٧﴿ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ ۖ إِن كُنتُم مُّوقِنِينَ
Rabbi as-samawati wal-ardi wa ma baynahuma, in kuntum muqinin
Lord of the heavens and the earth and what is between them, if you would be certain.
﴾٨﴿ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ ۖ رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ
La ilaha illa huwa yuhyi wa yumit, Rabbukum wa Rabbu aba'ikumu al-awwalin
There is no god but Him. He gives life and causes death. Your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers.
﴾٩﴿ بَلْ هُمْ فِى شَكٍّۢ يَلْعَبُونَ
Bal hum fi shakkin yal'abun
Rather, they are in doubt, playing.
﴾١٠﴿ فَٱرْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِى ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِدُخَانٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ
Fartaqib yawma ta'ti as-sama'u bidukhanin mubin
So watch for the day when the sky brings a visible smoke,
﴾١١﴿ يَغْشَى ٱلنَّاسَ ۖ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ
Yaghsha an-nas, hadha 'adhabun alim
covering the people. This is a painful punishment.
﴾١٢﴿ رَّبَّنَا ٱكْشِفْ عَنَّا ٱلْعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤْمِنُونَ
Rabbana ikshif 'anna al-'adhaba inna mu'minun
Our Lord, remove the punishment from us. We are believers.
﴾١٣﴿ أَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ وَقَدْ جَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌۭ مُّبِينٌۭ
Anna lahumu adh-dhikra wa qad ja'ahum rasulun mubin
How can there be a reminder for them when a clear messenger already came to them,
﴾١٤﴿ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّوْا۟ عَنْهُ وَقَالُوا۟ مُعَلَّمٌۭ مَّجْنُونٌ
Thumma tawallaw 'anhu wa qalu mu'allamun majnun
then they turned away from him and said: taught by someone, mad.
﴾١٥﴿ إِنَّا كَاشِفُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابِ قَلِيلًا ۚ إِنَّكُمْ عَآئِدُونَ
Inna kashifu al-'adhabi qalilan, innakum 'a'idun
We will remove the punishment a little. You will return.
﴾١٦﴿ يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ ٱلْبَطْشَةَ ٱلْكُبْرَىٰٓ إِنَّا مُنتَقِمُونَ
Yawma nabtishu al-batshata al-kubra inna muntaqimun
On the day We strike the greatest strike, We will exact retribution.
﴾١٧﴿ ۞ وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَجَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌۭ كَرِيمٌ
Wa laqad fatanna qablahum qawma Fir'awna wa ja'ahum rasulun karim
Before them We tested the people of Pharaoh, and a noble messenger came to them,
﴾١٨﴿ أَنْ أَدُّوٓا۟ إِلَىَّ عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّى لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌۭ
An addu ilayya 'ibada Allah, inni lakum rasulun amin
saying: deliver to me the servants of Allah. I am a trustworthy messenger to you.
﴾١٩﴿ وَأَن لَّا تَعْلُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۖ إِنِّىٓ ءَاتِيكُم بِسُلْطَٰنٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ
Wa an la ta'lu 'ala Allah, inni atikum bisultanin mubin
And do not exalt yourselves above Allah. I come to you with clear authority.
﴾٢٠﴿ وَإِنِّى عُذْتُ بِرَبِّى وَرَبِّكُمْ أَن تَرْجُمُونِ
Wa inni 'udhtu bi Rabbi wa Rabbikum an tarjumun
I have taken refuge in my Lord and your Lord from your stoning me.
﴾٢١﴿ وَإِن لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوا۟ لِى فَٱعْتَزِلُونِ
Wa in lam tu'minu li fa'tazilun
And if you do not believe me, then leave me alone.
﴾٢٢﴿ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌۭ مُّجْرِمُونَ
Fada'a Rabbahu anna ha'ula'i qawmun mujrimun
So he called upon his Lord: these are a criminal people.
﴾٢٣﴿ فَأَسْرِ بِعِبَادِى لَيْلًا إِنَّكُم مُّتَّبَعُونَ
Fa asri bi'ibadi laylan innakum muttaba'un
Travel with My servants by night. You will be pursued.
﴾٢٤﴿ وَٱتْرُكِ ٱلْبَحْرَ رَهْوًا ۖ إِنَّهُمْ جُندٌۭ مُّغْرَقُونَ
Watruki al-bahra rahwan, innahum jundun mughraqun
And leave the sea as it is, parted. They are an army to be drowned.
﴾٢٥﴿ كَمْ تَرَكُوا۟ مِن جَنَّٰتٍۢ وَعُيُونٍۢ
Kam taraku min jannatin wa 'uyun
How much they left behind of gardens and springs,
﴾٢٦﴿ وَزُرُوعٍۢ وَمَقَامٍۢ كَرِيمٍۢ
Wa zuru'in wa maqamin karim
and crops and noble sites,
﴾٢٧﴿ وَنَعْمَةٍۢ كَانُوا۟ فِيهَا فَٰكِهِينَ
Wa na'matin kanu fiha fakihin
and comfort in which they had been delighting.
﴾٢٨﴿ كَذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَأَوْرَثْنَٰهَا قَوْمًا ءَاخَرِينَ
Kadhalik, wa awrathnaha qawman akharin
So it was. And We made another people inherit it.
﴾٢٩﴿ فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلْأَرْضُ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ مُنظَرِينَ
Fama bakat 'alayhimu as-sama'u wal-ardu wa ma kanu munzarin
The heaven and the earth did not weep for them, and they were not given respite.
﴾٣٠﴿ وَلَقَدْ نَجَّيْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ٱلْمُهِينِ
Wa laqad najjayna bani Isra'ila mina al-'adhabi al-muhin
We delivered the Children of Israel from the humiliating punishment,
﴾٣١﴿ مِن فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَالِيًۭا مِّنَ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ
Min Fir'awn, innahu kana 'aliyan mina al-musrifin
from Pharaoh. He was a high handed man among those who go past every limit.
﴾٣٢﴿ وَلَقَدِ ٱخْتَرْنَٰهُمْ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
Wa laqadi ikhtarnahum 'ala 'ilmin 'ala al-'alamin
We chose them knowingly above the worlds,
﴾٣٣﴿ وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلْءَايَٰتِ مَا فِيهِ بَلَٰٓؤٌۭا۟ مُّبِينٌ
Wa ataynahum mina al-ayati ma fihi bala'un mubin
and We gave them signs in which there was a clear test.
﴾٣٤﴿ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ لَيَقُولُونَ
Inna ha'ula'i layaqulun
These people say:
﴾٣٥﴿ إِنْ هِىَ إِلَّا مَوْتَتُنَا ٱلْأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُنشَرِينَ
In hiya illa mawtatuna al-ula wa ma nahnu bimunsharin
There is nothing but our first death, and we will not be raised.
﴾٣٦﴿ فَأْتُوا۟ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ
Fa'tu bi-aba'ina in kuntum sadiqin
So bring back our fathers, if you are truthful.
﴾٣٧﴿ أَهُمْ خَيْرٌ أَمْ قَوْمُ تُبَّعٍۢ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ أَهْلَكْنَٰهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ مُجْرِمِينَ
Ahum khayrun am qawmu Tubba'in walladhina min qablihim, ahlaknahum, innahum kanu mujrimin
Are they better, or the people of Tubba and those before them. We destroyed them. They were criminals.
﴾٣٨﴿ وَمَا خَلَقْنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَٰعِبِينَ
Wa ma khalaqna as-samawati wal-arda wa ma baynahuma la'ibin
We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them in play.
﴾٣٩﴿ مَا خَلَقْنَٰهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Ma khalaqnahuma illa bil-haqqi wa lakinna aktharahum la ya'lamun
We created them only in truth, but most of them do not know.
﴾٤٠﴿ إِنَّ يَوْمَ ٱلْفَصْلِ مِيقَٰتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Inna yawma al-fasli miqatuhum ajma'in
The Day of Separation is the appointed time for all of them,
﴾٤١﴿ يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًۭى شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ
Yawma la yughni mawlan 'an mawlan shay'an wa la hum yunsarun
a day when no ally will avail an ally at all, and they will not be helped,
﴾٤٢﴿ إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ
Illa man rahima Allah, innahu huwa al-'Azizu ar-Rahim
except the one Allah has mercy on. He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.
﴾٤٣﴿ إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ ٱلزَّقُّومِ
Inna shajarata az-zaqqum
The tree of Zaqqum
﴾٤٤﴿ طَعَامُ ٱلْأَثِيمِ
Ta'amu al-athim
is the food of the sinful,
﴾٤٥﴿ كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى ٱلْبُطُونِ
Kal-muhli yaghli fi al-butun
like molten metal, boiling in the bellies
﴾٤٦﴿ كَغَلْىِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ
Kaghalyi al-hamim
like the boiling of scalding water.
﴾٤٧﴿ خُذُوهُ فَٱعْتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلْجَحِيمِ
Khudhuhu fa'tiluhu ila sawa'i al-jahim
Seize him and drag him into the middle of the Blaze,
﴾٤٨﴿ ثُمَّ صُبُّوا۟ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِۦ مِنْ عَذَابِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ
Thumma subbu fawqa ra'sihi min 'adhabi al-hamim
then pour over his head the punishment of scalding water.
﴾٤٩﴿ ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْكَرِيمُ
Dhuq innaka anta al-'azizu al-karim
Taste it. You were the mighty, the honorable.
﴾٥٠﴿ إِنَّ هَٰذَا مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَمْتَرُونَ
Inna hadha ma kuntum bihi tamtarun
This is the thing you used to doubt.
﴾٥١﴿ إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍۢ
Inna al-muttaqina fi maqamin amin
Those who guard against evil are in a secure place,
﴾٥٢﴿ فِى جَنَّٰتٍۢ وَعُيُونٍۢ
Fi jannatin wa 'uyun
among gardens and springs,
﴾٥٣﴿ يَلْبَسُونَ مِن سُندُسٍۢ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍۢ مُّتَقَٰبِلِينَ
Yalbasuna min sundusin wa istabraqin mutaqabilin
wearing fine silk and brocade, facing one another.
﴾٥٤﴿ كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجْنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٍۢ
Kadhalika wa zawwajnahum bihurin 'in
So it is. And We will pair them with companions of beautiful eyes.
﴾٥٥﴿ يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَٰكِهَةٍ ءَامِنِينَ
Yad'una fiha bikulli fakihatin aminin
They call there for every fruit, secure.
﴾٥٦﴿ لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا ٱلْمَوْتَ إِلَّا ٱلْمَوْتَةَ ٱلْأُولَىٰ ۖ وَوَقَىٰهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱلْجَحِيمِ
La yadhuquna fiha al-mawta illa al-mawtata al-ula, wa waqahum 'adhaba al-jahim
They do not taste death there beyond the first death, and He protected them from the punishment of the Blaze.
﴾٥٧﴿ فَضْلًۭا مِّن رَّبِّكَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ
Fadlan min Rabbik, dhalika huwa al-fawzu al-'azim
A bounty from your Lord. That is the great attainment.
﴾٥٨﴿ فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَٰهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ
Fa-innama yassarnahu bilisanika la'allahum yatadhakkarun
We have made it easy in your tongue so that they might remember.
﴾٥٩﴿ فَٱرْتَقِبْ إِنَّهُم مُّرْتَقِبُونَ
Fartaqib innahum murtaqibun
So watch. They too are watching.
The Tafsir · The Breakdown
What The Surah Means
Overview
Surah Ad-Dukhan is fifty-nine verses, chapter 44, Makki. It opens on a night described as blessed, in which everything is separated out and decided, and it closes on the statement that the Quran was made easy in the Prophet's own tongue so that they might remember.
In between it gives the account of Pharaoh's end and does something the Quran rarely does. It describes what a powerful man leaves behind, item by item, and then says that nothing in creation mourned him.
The heaven and the earth did not weep for them, and they were not given respite.
Verses 1–8 · The Blessed Night
We sent it down on a blessed night. We have always been warning.
Inna anzalnahu fi laylatin mubarakah: sent down on a blessed night. The mufassirun differ on which night, with the majority position identifying it with Laylat al-Qadr in Ramadan, and Ibn Kathir carries that reading and answers the alternative.
Fiha yufraqu kullu amrin hakim: in it every wise matter is distinguished. Yufraqu is the separating out of things from each other, the resolution of what had been undifferentiated.
Amran min 'indina inna kunna mursilin: a command from Us. We have always been sending. The sending is described as a continuous practice rather than a one time intervention.
Rahmatan min Rabbik, innahu huwa as-sami'u al-'alim: as a mercy from your Lord. The revelation is classified as mercy before it is classified as anything else.
Rabbi as-samawati wal-ardi wa ma baynahuma in kuntum muqinin: if you would be certain. La ilaha illa huwa yuhyi wa yumit, Rabbukum wa Rabbu aba'ikumu al-awwalin. Your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers, which closes the appeal to ancestry before it can be made.
A night when everything is separated out and decided. And the sending has never stopped.
Verses 9–16 · The Smoke and the Plea
Watch for the day when the sky brings a visible smoke, covering the people. This is a painful punishment.
Fartaqib yawma ta'ti as-sama'u bidukhanin mubin: watch for it. The instruction is to wait and observe rather than to act.
Yaghsha an-nas, hadha 'adhabun alim: covering the people. This is a painful punishment. Al-Bukhari records the position of Ibn Mas'ud that this described a famine that struck the Quraysh, in which men saw a haze between themselves and the sky from hunger, and Ibn Kathir records the other position that it is still to come. Both readings are carried in the tradition.
Rabbana ikshif 'anna al-'adhaba inna mu'minun: our Lord, remove the punishment from us, we are believers. The plea is quoted, and the belief in it is conditional on the relief.
Anna lahumu adh-dhikra wa qad ja'ahum rasulun mubin: how can there be a reminder for them when a clear messenger already came to them. The point is that the pressure produced a promise, not a change. Thumma tawallaw 'anhu wa qalu mu'allamun majnun. Then they turned away from him and said, taught by someone, mad.
Inna kashifu al-'adhabi qalilan innakum 'a'idun: We will remove the punishment a little, and you will return. The prediction is stated flatly. Relief will produce reversion.
Under pressure they promised belief. The verse answers by telling them what they will do when the pressure lifts.
Verses 17–33 · Pharaoh, and What He Left
How much they left behind of gardens and springs, and crops and noble sites, and comfort in which they had been delighting.
The account is compressed. Musa is sent to a people already given clear signs, he asks that the servants of Allah be delivered to him, and he is answered with a threat of stoning.
Fa da'a Rabbahu anna ha'ula'i qawmun mujrimun: he called upon his Lord, saying these are a criminal people. The instruction that follows is to travel by night with the servants and to leave the sea in its parted state.
Kam taraku min jannatin wa 'uyun, wa zuru'in wa maqamin karim, wa na'matin kanu fiha fakihin: gardens, springs, crops, noble positions, and a comfort they had been enjoying. The inventory of what a powerful man leaves is given item by item, in the language of a list read aloud after the owner has gone.
Kadhalika wa awrathnaha qawman akharin: thus, and We made another people inherit it. The transfer is stated as a single clause.
Fama bakat 'alayhimu as-sama'u wal-ardu wa ma kanu munzarin: the heaven and the earth did not weep for them, and they were not given respite. Ibn Kathir notes the reports from the early scholars that the believer is wept for by his place of prayer and by his place of ascent, and that these people had none.
Gardens, springs, crops, noble sites, and comfort. Inherited by others, and nothing in creation mourned them.
Verses 38–59 · Not in Play
We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them in play. We created them only in truth.
Wa ma khalaqna as-samawati wal-arda wa ma baynahuma la'ibin: not in play. The claim is that the whole arrangement is purposive, and it is stated immediately after the account of a man who lived as though it were not.
Inna yawma al-fasli miqatuhum ajma'in: the Day of Separation is the appointed time for all of them. Yawma la yughni mawlan 'an mawlan shay'a. A day when no ally will avail an ally at all.
The tree of Zaqqum is then described, growing in the base of the Fire, its emerging fruit like the heads of devils, boiling in the belly like scalding water. The verse tells the tormented one to taste it, since he was the mighty, the honorable, in his own estimation. Innaka anta al-'azizu al-karim. The titles he carried are read back to him.
The contrast follows. The God-conscious in a secure place, among gardens and springs, wearing fine silk and brocade, facing each other, and the greatest line of the passage, wa waqahum 'adhaba al-jahim. He protected them from the punishment of the Blaze. Fadlan min Rabbik, as a bounty from your Lord. Dhalika huwa al-fawzu al-'azim. That is the great attainment.
Fa-innama yassarnahu bilisanika la'allahum yatadhakkarun: We have made it easy in your tongue so that they might remember. Fartaqib innahum murtaqibun. So watch, they too are watching.
Not made in play. And the titles a man carried are read back to him at the moment they stop working.
Structural Summary
Fifty-Nine Verses. Nothing Wept For Them.
Verses 1–8The NightSent down on a blessed night in which every wise matter is separated out. Mercy from your Lord.
Verses 9–16The SmokeA visible smoke covering the people, a plea made under pressure, and a prediction of reversion when it lifts.
Verses 17–24MusaSent to a people given clear signs, threatened, and instructed to travel by night and leave the sea parted.
Verses 25–29The InventoryGardens, springs, crops, noble sites, and comfort, inherited by others, with nothing in creation weeping for them.
Verses 30–37The PrecedentThe Children of Israel delivered, and the people of Tubba who were destroyed and were not better than these.
Verses 38–42The PurposeNot created in play, but in truth, with the Day of Separation as the appointed time for all.
Verses 43–59The Two EndsThe tree of Zaqqum and the titles read back, against a secure place, and the Quran made easy in your tongue.
Why This Surah Is For You
Verses 25 to 27 are the most specific inventory in the Quran of what a successful man leaves behind. Gardens, springs, crops, noble sites, comfort he was delighting in. It reads like an estate list, and the next verse gives it to other people in one clause.
Verse 29 is the line to sit with. The heaven and the earth did not weep for them. Ibn Kathir records that a believer is wept for by the place where he prayed and the place from which his deeds ascended. These men had built enormously and left nothing behind that would register their absence.
Verse 15 predicts something you have watched in yourself. Relief produces reversion. The promise made under pressure does not survive the removal of the pressure, and the Quran states it as a fact about people rather than as an accusation.
Verse 49 reads a man's own titles back to him. Taste it, you were the mighty, the honorable. Every title you hold is held in the estimation of people who will not be present at that moment.
The Practice · Daily Integration
Fifty-Nine Verses. Leave Something That Weeps.
Write the inventory from verses 25 to 27 for your own life, honestly, and then read verse 28 over it.
Build the two things Ibn Kathir names in his commentary on verse 29. A place where you actually pray, and a practice from which something ascends.
Watch the reversion in verse 15 the next time relief arrives. What you promised under pressure is due after the pressure lifts, not during.
Read verses 38 and 39 on any day the whole thing feels arbitrary. It was not created in play.
They left gardens and springs and noble sites. Nothing in the heavens or the earth wept for them.
آمِين
Prepared with discipline · Ameen
Verse-By-Verse · Test Yourself
The Quiz
Two questions per verse. Translation and a key Arabic word. Walk through it slow. The goal is comprehension, not speed.
Verse 11 / 118
The Verse
حمٓ
Ha Meem
What does verse 1 say?